Not true.

Women are significantly more likely to develop a bladder infection because their urethra is only about four centimetres long, which means it's easier for bacteria to get into the bladder. But men can also get them. In men, these infections are more likely to have another cause, such as an enlarged or inflamed prostate, so men who think they have a bladder infection should always seek medical advice.

Partly true.

Cold alone doesn't cause cystitis – bacteria are always required to trigger an infection. But being too cold can weaken the body's own defences, which increases the risk of infection. So cold can be a contributory factor, but not the actual cause.

Partly true.

Sexual intercourse can increase the risk of cystitis by making it easier for bacteria to enter the urethra. But this doesn't always lead to an infection. People who are prone to bladder infections are at increased risk. One simple tip is to urinate after sex. This can flush out bacteria before they become established.

Not true.

Once you have cystitis, cranberry products can't clear it up. But they can have a preventive effect. A recent evaluation of several studies shows that cranberry products can reduce the risk of re-infection in some people, such as women who suffer from frequent bladder infections (2023 Cochrane review). But they're not a miracle cure. And be warned: many juices also contain a lot of sugar. 

True.

Drinking plenty of fluids can help flush bacteria out of the urinary tract. Drinking regularly also helps to prevent cystitis in the first place. Mild bladder infections often clear up on their own in otherwise healthy women – antibiotics aren't always necessary. Your doctor will be able to advise.

Not true.

Anyone who suffers from recurrent cystitis can have their immune system specifically trained. This involves administering dead bacteria or bacterial components so that the body can recognise the typical pathogens more quickly. In Switzerland, there is an approved capsule treatment for this, which has been in use for years. 

These vaccinations are no substitute for the treatment of an acute infection, but they can help reduce the need for antibiotics. You can find out whether a vaccination is suitable for you and what options there are to prevent urinary tract infections at the santé24 urology clinic.