After a visit to the pool or a walk outdoors, you notice a burning sensation in the eyes. And when you look closely in the mirror, you also notice that your eyes are reddish and slightly sticky. This health tip tells you more about your options if you suspect conjunctivitis.
The conjunctiva is a thin mucous membrane covering and protecting the visible, white part of the eye. An inflamed conjunctiva can have a real impact on your everyday life.
Symptoms
The most common signs are itchy, burning or reddened eyes. Your eyes water profusely and may be sensitive to light, or you may feel as if you have something in your eye. In the morning, your eyes are often glued shut. Depending on the cause, they may also secrete a watery or white discharge. This is particularly common in cases of viral or allergic inflammation. A bacterial infection, on the other hand, is likely to produce a pus-like secretion.
Causes
Conjunctivitis can be caused by a number of triggers. Viruses or bacteria are often responsible, but allergies – typically to pollen or pet hair – can also irritate the conjunctiva. Mechanical irritants such as dust, smoke or contact lenses can also cause a reaction in the mucous membrane. In rare cases, foreign bodies or chemical substances such as chlorine in swimming pools or strong UV radiation can cause the inflammation.
Treatment
The treatment for conjunctivitis depends on the cause:
- Bacterial conjunctivitis: If bacteria are the cause, treatment usually involves antibiotic eye drops or eye ointments. These can be prescribed by a GP or the santé24 online practice.
- Viral conjunctivitis: There are no effective drugs for a viral inflammation. Since the infection usually runs its course without complications, the treatment aims merely to alleviate the symptoms. Special eyedrops can alleviate the itching and burning.
- Allergic conjunctivitis: The most important thing here is to stay away from the triggering allergens, although using anti-allergic eye drops is also an option.
When should I go to the doctor? Check your symptoms with the Benecura app
Most non-specific conjunctivitis clears up within a few days, even without antibiotics. If the symptoms persist for longer, or if you experience severe pain or impaired vision, you should see a doctor. They will establish the cause and recommend the appropriate treatment.
SWICA's Benecura app is a useful tool. The SymptomCheck will quickly give you a personalised recommendation for whether you need to visit the doctor.
Can home remedies help?
There are some home remedies that can help with mild conjunctivitis. Cool, moist compresses have a soothing effect on swollen eyelids. Rinsing your eyes with boiled, lukewarm water or sterile saline solution can also help. Chamomile tea is often recommended but is not always suitable as it can exacerbate the symptoms. Special care should be taken if the inflammation is caused by allergies.
How long does conjunctivitis last?
The recovery time depends on the cause. Bacterial infections usually clear up within a week with the right treatment. Viral forms can last up to two weeks. Allergic reactions often improve quickly, provided the trigger is avoided.
How long is conjunctivitis infectious?
Conjunctivitis caused by viruses or bacteria is particularly contagious – usually for as long as symptoms such as discharge or redness are present, and often even before that. To protect others, you should avoid shaking hands or sharing towels, and remember to wash your hands regularly. If a bacterial infection is treated with antibiotics, it generally stops being contagious after three days.
